Lisbon
Lisbon is the capital and most populous city of Portugal, with an estimated population of 658,236 as of 2025, within its administrative limits and 3,353,000 within the metropolis, as of 2025. The city lies in the western portion of the Iberian Peninsula, on the northern shore of the River Tagus. The western portion of its metro area, the Portuguese Riviera, hosts the westernmost point of Continental Europe, culminating at Cabo da Roca.
Typical weather
1981–presentCity Rhythm
measuredOpening hours, by kind of place
median across mapped venuesVital absurdities
measured · the Anti-AwardsSame time system
by rhythmWhat to do each season
2winter
mild, rainy; mean 12.9-16.8 °C across the range; Nov-Dec wettest (3.1 and 2.9 mm/day); January daytime 14-19 °C, night 5-10 °C, sea ~16 °C; frosts essentially unknown
- indoor cultural season: the Gulbenkian, the National Azulejo Museum, the MAAT, the Berardo Collection
- Fado season in Alfama and Bairro Alto continues year-round; winter crowds thinner
- the trams (esp. the 28) keep running up the Alfama and Bairro Alto hills
summer
warm to hot, almost rainless; mean 18.8-20.5 °C, August daytime ~28 °C; Jul-Aug precipitation 0.1-0.2 mm/day; sea reaches ~20 °C
- the city's outdoor civic life activates — the Tagus waterfront (Ribeira das Naus), the LX Factory, the Pink Street
- the Cascais and Estoril beaches fill; the Cascais railway carries the overflow
- outdoor festivals peak: Festas de Lisboa (June, esp. Santo António 12-13 June), Out Jazz (summer evenings in gardens)
- heat waves increasingly push the affordance of being outdoors indoors — the housing stock is largely uncooled
What it is known for
Important moments in a year
Santo Antonio
- Festas de Lisboa — street weddings (casamentos), grilled-sardine stalls in Alfama / Graça
- marchas parades on Avenida da Liberdade
Rock in Rio Lisboa
- international rock festival in Bela Vista park
Web Summit
- Web Summit tech conference (since 2016)
- international tech-industry takeover
Lisbon Marathon
- course along the Tagus waterfront
- international runners
On the record
source-trackedLisbon is one of the oldest cities in the world and the second-oldest European capital city (after Athens), predating other modern European capitals by centuries.
Lisbon has a Mediterranean climate (Köppen: Csa), characterised by mild, rainy winters and warm to hot, dry summers.
The average annual temperature is 17.6 °C (63.7 °F), with average daily highs of 21.7 °C and lows of 13.6 °C.
The western portion of its metro area, the Portuguese Riviera, hosts the westernmost point of Continental Europe, culminating at Cabo da Roca.
In 2019, the Lisbon Metro served about 173 million passengers (and 475,000 daily).
Markets of this type [Feira da Ladra] have pleased bargain hunters since the 12th century in Lisbon and the Feira da Ladra name has been around since the 17th century.
The city of Lisbon is rich in architecture; Romanesque, Gothic, Manueline, Baroque, Modern and Postmodern constructions can be found all over Lisbon.
Avenida da Liberdade (Avenue of Liberty) [is one of the historical boulevards].
The method behind this atlas — 196 pp. Not published yet.